Kusiyanasiyana kwa Zilankhulo ku India
India ndi dziko losiyana kwambiri, m'mbali zonse za mawu akuti heterogeneous. Dzikoli ndi mgwirizano wosangalatsa wa mbiri yakale, miyambo, zipembedzo ndi zilankhulo zosiyanasiyana. M'kupita kwa nthawi ndi zofunikira za nzika, dzikolo linasintha kwambiri kuti likhale ndi zilankhulo zoyambira. Pafupifupi, zilankhulo 19 (za mafuko ndi osakhala mafuko) zimalankhulidwa m'dziko lino. Kuchokera pamenepo, ena otchuka zilankhulo zaku India zimamveka kwambiri.
Chifukwa cha kusiyanasiyana komanso kosadziwika bwino kwa nzika zamasiku ano, palibe chilankhulo chadziko chomwe chimanenedwa. India amakondwerera chilankhulo chomwe anthu amasankha kuti azilankhula. Komabe, kalembera wa 2011 akusonyeza kuti zinenero ngati Hindi, Bengali, Marathi, Telegu, Gujarati, Urdu, Kannada, Odia and Malayalam zinadziwika kuti ndi zinenero zolankhulidwa kwambiri m’dzikoli. Tiyeni tikambirane ndi kudziwa mmene zinayambira zinenero zimenezi.
Chimarathi
Chilankhulo cha Marathi ndi chinanso chochokera ku chilankhulo cha Indo-Aryan, chomwe chimalankhulidwa kwambiri ndi nzika za ku Maharashtra ku India. Magawo a Goa amasankhanso kukambirana mu Marathi. Pakati pa anthu olankhula Chimarathi masiku ano, pali zilankhulo ziwiri zomwe zimasinthidwa ndi anthu ambiri: chilankhulo cha Varhadi ndi chilankhulo cha Standard Marathi. Zilankhulo zazing'ono za chilankhulochi zimaphatikizapo Malvani Kolkani, Agri, Agirani and Koli, olankhulidwa m'zigawo za Khandesh. Chilankhulochi chimatengera ndikugwira ntchito pa jenda la njira zitatu, mosiyanasiyana kuzindikiritsa kuphatikizidwa ndi kukhazikika kwa mawu oti 'ife'. Zilankhulo zambiri zotsogola ku India zochokera ku gulu la Indo-Aryan zimabadwa kuchokera ku chilankhulo cha Prakrit, kuphatikiza Chimarathi. Marathi adatsika ngati Maharashtri Prakrit. Komanso munthawi ya mbiri yaku India, chilankhulochi chimadzilekanitsa ndi chilankhulo chodziwika bwino chomwe chimafala kwambiri ku India.
Chigujarati
Mofanana ndi zilankhulo zina zodziwika bwino, chinenero cha Gujarati ndi mbadwa ya banja la Indo-Aryan. Chilankhulochi chimalankhulidwa makamaka ndi anthu aku Gujarat ku India ndipo amakhulupirira kuti ndicho chilankhulo cha boma. Imawerengedwanso ngati chilankhulo chovomerezeka cha Dadar ndi Nagar Haveli. Chilankhulochi ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la chilankhulo cha Indo European ndipo chimapezekanso kuti chimalankhulidwa kumayiko akunja kwa India monga Pakistan ndi madera ena aku South Asia. Chilankhulochi chimaonedwa kuti ndi cha zaka 700 ndipo chimalankhulidwa ndi anthu Anthu 55 miliyoni padziko lonse lapansi, kuphatikiza mbali zina za USA, Kenya, Tanzania ndi madera ena aku South Africa. Monga machitidwe ena amtundu wa Devanagari olembera, zolemba za Gujarati zimagwera pansi pa Abugida. Zilankhulo zomwe zili pafupi ndi Gujarati kapena zomveka zofanana kwambiri ndi Gujarati ndizo Parkari Koli and Kutchi (dzina lochokera ku Rann of Kutch in Gujarat). Zilankhulo zimenezi zikhoza kulembedwa m’Chiperisiya kapena Chiarabu.
Hindi
Hindi imakhulupirira kuti idachokera ku Indo-Aryan, kuchokera ku tsinde lake la Indo-Iranian. Chiyankhulo cha Indo-Irani ndi gawo lalikulu la gawo la Indo-European, lomwe lidapangidwa chifukwa chakuwukiridwa ndi madera osiyanasiyana omwe adachitika ku India m'mbiri yonse. Amakhulupirira kuti chinenerochi chimalankhulidwa ndi anthu pafupifupi 425 miliyoni ku India ndipo pafupifupi 120 miliyoni amachikonda ngati chinenero chawo chachiwiri.
Kalankhulidwe, ziganizo, chilankhulo ndi zolemba za Chihindi nthawi zambiri zimatengera Sanskrit, mayi wa zilankhulo zamakono ku India. Zolemba za Devanagari zidathandizira kukulitsa Chihindi ndi zilankhulo zina zatsopano. Chihindi ndi gawo loyambira lomwe limadziwika kuti 'Khari Boli', chinenero chopangidwa chifukwa cha kuukira kosalekeza kwa Afghanistan, mbali za Central Asia, Iran ndi Turkey. Kusakanikirana kosalekeza kwa mafuko, miyambo ndi zipembedzo kudapangitsa kuti Khari Boli apite ku Hindi.
Bengali
Mofanana ndi Chihindi, Chibengali ndi cha nthambi ya zilankhulo za Indo-Aryan ndipo pamene Chibengali chimalankhulidwa kwambiri ku West Bengal ku India, ndi chinenero chovomerezeka cha dziko la Bangladesh. Chiyankhulo chamakono cha Chibengali chimatengedwa ngati chilankhulo chobwereka kapena chilankhulo chochokera ku Magadhi, Pali, Tatsamas ndikubwereka mawu ndi ziganizo kuchokera ku Sanskrit. Magadhi ndi Pali amalankhulidwabe m'madera ena a Bihar ndi Jharkhand. Potengera mbiri yaku India yakuukira, zobwereketsa zimakulanso ku zilankhulo za Chiperisi ndi Chiarabu ndipo mtundu wina wake umabwerekedwanso zilankhulo za Austroasian. Chosangalatsa kudziwa za Chibengali ndikuti ilibe jenda m'nkhani yake yeniyeni/mawu. Pali njira imodzi yokha yolankhulira amuna, akazi ndi ena omwe si a binary.
Chongani ayenera kuwona malo oyendera alendo ku India m'chigawo cha Karnataka.
Telegu
Chitelugu amabadwa kuchokera ku chilankhulo cha Dravidian, makamaka olankhulidwa kumwera chakum'mawa kwa India ndi pafupifupi 80.3 olankhula mbadwa miliyoni monga adadziwika panthawi ya kalembera ya 2011. Amakhulupiriranso kuti chinenerochi chimalankhulidwanso ndi magulu ang'onoang'ono ku South Africa ndipo zadziwika kuti zikukula mofulumira ku USA. Zolemba za Prakrit kuyambira 400 BCE ndi 100 BCE zapezeka ndi mawu / mawu achi Telugu olembedwapo. Pamodzi ndi zolembedwa za Telegu zidapezekanso zolembedwa zachi Tamil; chinenero chapafupi ndi Telegu. Chimodzi mwamawu odziwika bwino omwe adatuluka mu Telegu anali mawu akuti 'Nagabu', opezeka m'zolemba za Sanskrit kuchokera ku 1st zaka za m'ma BC.
Indian Visa Paintaneti likupezeka m'maiko opitilira 170. India Visa Kugwiritsa (eVisa India) ilipo United States , United Kingdom / British nzika ndi nzika zamayiko ambiri omwe ali oyenerera Indian e-Visa.
Ndi njira yofunsira pa intaneti Boma lachimwenye zapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kuti aliyense apeze Visa kudzera pa Imelo, osapeza sitampu pa pasipoti, kapena kupita ku kazembe waku India. Mutha kupeza Visa Wamalonda waku India, Indian Visa Yachipatalandi Visa wa India.
